1. Okwu mmalite
Igwe ọkụ eletrik na-arụ ọrụ dị mkpa n'ịkwasa ike, data, na akara njikwa n'ofe ụlọ ọrụ. Iji hụ na nchekwa ha, arụmọrụ na ịdịte aka ha, eriri ga-enwerịrị ụkpụrụ mba ụwa siri ike. Ụkpụrụ ndị a na-achịkwa ihe niile site na ihe eriri USB na mkpuchi ọkụ na nkwụsị ọkụ na njedebe gburugburu ebe obibi.
Mpaghara na ụlọ ọrụ dị iche iche na-agbaso ụkpụrụ ntụzịaka dabere na ụkpụrụ obodo na omume kacha mma nke mba ụwa. Ịghọta ụkpụrụ ndị a dị mkpa maka ndị nrụpụta, ndị injinia na ndị njikwa ọrụ iji hụ na nrubeisi, nchekwa, na ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma.
Edemede a na-enye nkọwa zuru oke nke ụkpụrụ isi eriri eletrik nke mba ụwa, ngwa ha, yana otu ha si atụnyere n'ofe mpaghara dị iche iche.
2. IEC (International Electrotechnical Commission) Ụkpụrụ
NkeInternational Electrotechnical Commission (IEC)na-emepụta ụkpụrụ zuru ụwa ọnụ maka ngwa eletriki, gụnyere eriri. A na-amata ụkpụrụ ndị a nke ọma ma nabata ya n'ọtụtụ mba, na-eme ka nchekwa dị elu na arụmọrụ dị elu.
Ụkpụrụ IEC USB isi
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 60092 | Nrụnye eletrik na ụgbọ mmiri | Ngwa mmiri na oke osimiri |
| IEC 60228 | Ndị na-eduzi eriri mkpuchi mkpuchi | Na-akọwapụta ihe ndị na-eduzi ọla kọpa na aluminom |
| IEC 60331 | Mgbochi ọkụ nke eriri eletriki | Gbaa mbọ hụ na eriri ga-anọgide na-arụ ọrụ n'oge ọkụ |
| IEC 60332 | Nnwale ịgbasa ọkụ | Na-anwale ka eriri si eme ọkụ |
| IEC 60502-1 | Igwe ọkụ ruo 30kV | A na-eji maka nkesa ọkụ eletrik ọkara |
| IEC 60754 | Acid gas evolushọn na corrosivity | Na-enyocha nsi nke eriri ọkụ |
| IEC 61034-2 | Nleta njupụta anwụrụ ọkụ | Na-enyocha anwụrụ ọkụ na-emepụta mgbe eriri ọkụ na-ere |
3. EN (European Norm) Ụkpụrụ
EuropeanEN (Norme Européenne)ụkpụrụ na-achịkwa arụmọrụ USB n'ofe EU na EEA (European Economic Area). Ụkpụrụ ndị a na-ahụ maka nchekwa otu na ndakọrịta n'ofe mba Europe.
Igodo EN USB Standards
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| EN 50200 | Nnwale mgbochi ọkụ maka sekit mberede | Ejiri ya na ọkụ mberede, sistemụ mkpu |
| EN 50288-7 | Igwe njikwa na akụrụngwa | Ụlọ ọrụ akpaaka na njikwa usoro |
| EN 50363 | Obere-voltaji mkpuchi na sheathing | Na-ekpuchi ihe mkpuchi maka eriri |
| EN 60332 | Àgwà ọkụ na ire ọkụ na-agbasa | Nchedo ọkụ maka nrụnye eletriki |
| EN 61034 | Nleta njupụta anwụrụ ọkụ | Na-enyocha ntọhapụ anwụrụ ọkụ ma ọ bụrụ ọkụ |
4. BS (British Standards) maka eriri
NkeỤlọ ọrụ Standards British (BSI)na-esetịpụ ụkpụrụ kpọmkwem maka mba UK na Commonwealth, na-ahụ na eriri ga-emezu ihe nchekwa na ịdịte aka chọrọ.
Ụkpụrụ BS USB isi
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| BS 5266-1 | Chọrọ ọkụ ọkụ mberede | Na-akwado ịrụ ọrụ ọkụ mberede |
| BS 6387 | Iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe sekit n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọkụ | A na-eji ya na gburugburu ihe egwu dị elu (ụlọ ọgwụ, tunnels) |
| BS 7211 | Igwe na-ekpo ọkụ ọkụ ọkụ dị ala | Wiring dị mma maka iji ụlọ na ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe |
| BS 7846 | Eriri agha na-eguzogide ọkụ | Igwe anaghị agba ọkụ maka ntọala ụlọ ọrụ |
| BS 8519 | Igwe ọkụ na-egbochi ọkụ | Ejiri ya na nchekwa ndụ na usoro ọkụ ọkụ |
5. CEI (Comitato Elettrotecnico Italiano) Ụkpụrụ
NkeKọmitii Electrotechnical Italy (CEI)na-achịkwa eriri eletrik nke Italy, na-ahụ maka nchekwa na nnyefe na nkesa ike.
Ụkpụrụ CEI Cable isi
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| CEI 20-11 / EN 50363 | Ihe mkpuchi ọkụ dị ala | Na-akọwapụta mkpuchi nchekwa maka eriri ọkụ |
| CE 20-36 | Igwe ọkụ na-eguzogide ọkụ ruo 1 kV | Nnukwu ọkụ ọkụ maka ụlọ mmepụta ihe |
| CE 20-45 | LSZH eriri elastomer mkpuchi | Igwe anwụrụ ọkụ dị ala, eriri halogen na-adịghị |
6. DIN (Deutsches Institut für Normung) Ụkpụrụ
nke GermanyDIN (Ụlọ Ọrụ German maka Standardization)na-esetịpụ ụkpụrụ dị elu maka eriri eletrik, na-elekwasị anya na nkwụsị ọkụ na ịrụ ọrụ.
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| DIN 4102 | Omume ọkụ na iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe sekit | Igwe ọkụ na-eguzogide ọkụ maka nchekwa ụlọ |
7. NBN (Norme Belge) Ụkpụrụ
NkeNBN (Belgian Standards Institute)na-ahazi eriri ọkụ na-egbochi ọkụ ejiri na Belgium.
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| NBN C 30-004 | Nkewa nguzogide ọkụ | Igwe nchekwa ọkụ maka ihe owuwu |
| NBN 713-020 | Mgbochi ọkụ nke ihe owuwu ụlọ | Nnwale maka eriri na ụlọ ọha |
8. NF (Norme Française) Ụkpụrụ
nke FranceNF (Norme Française)na-eme ka ụkpụrụ nchebe ọkụ siri ike na eriri eletrik.
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| NF-C-32-070 | Nhazi omume ọkụ nke eriri | A na-eji ya n'ụlọ ọha, ọwara mmiri na sistemụ metro |
9. SS (Singapore Standard) maka eriri
nke SingaporeSS (Singapore Standards Council)na-achịkwa eriri ọkụ ọkụ maka nchekwa ọha.
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| SS 299 Nkeji 1 | Ịrụ ọrụ USB na-eguzogide ọkụ | Gbaa mbọ hụ na sekit mberede na-arụ ọrụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ ọkụ |
10. VDE (Germany) Ụkpụrụ USB
nke GermanyVDE (Verband der Elektrotechnik)na-ahụ maka nchekwa eletrik maka eriri, ọkachasị na telecom na ule ọkụ.
| Ọkọlọtọ | Nkọwa | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| VDE 0815 | Igwe nzikọrịta ozi na data data | Ịntanetị dị elu na eriri ekwentị |
| VDE 0482 | Nnwale nke gas n'oge combustion | Na-enyocha ihe ndị na-emerụ emerụ ma ọ bụrụ na ọkụ |
11. Ihe Mere Ụkpụrụ Igwe Ji Dị Mkpa
Ụkpụrụ USB dị mkpa maka:
-
Ịkwado nchekwana nrụnye eletriki
-
Na-egbochi ọkụ na ihe egwun'ihi eriri ndị na-adịghị mma
-
Ịkwado njikwa mmana mmepụta na nkesa
-
Na-erube isi n'ụkpụrụ azụmaahịa mba ụwa
12. Ntụle nke International USB Standards
| Ọkọlọtọ | Mpaghara | Ngwa |
|---|---|---|
| IEC 60331 | Gburugburu ụwa | Igwe na-egbochi ọkụ |
| EN 50200 | Europe | Eriri sekit mberede |
| BS 6387 | UK | Iguzosi ike n'ezi ihe ọkụ n'okpuru ọnọdụ dị oke egwu |
| CE 20-36 | Ịtali | Igwe ọkụ ụlọ ọrụ dị elu |
| DIN 4102 | Germany | Nhazi ọkụ maka ụlọ |
| NBN C 30-004 | Belgium | Nnwale mgbochi ọkụ |
| NF-C-32-070 | France | Sistemụ nchekwa ọha na metro |
| SS 299 | Singapore | Igwe ọkụ na-egbochi ọkụ mberede |
| VDE 0815 | Germany | Data na telecom cables |
13. Nkwubi okwu
Ịghọta ụkpụrụ eriri eletrik nke mba ụwa dị oke mkpa maka nchekwa, nrube isi na ịrụ ọrụ nke ọma. Ma n'ime ụlọ ọrụ mmepụta ihe, ebe obibi, ma ọ bụ ngwa akụrụngwa dị oke egwu, ịhọrọ ọkọlọtọ USB ziri ezi na-eme ka a bụrụ ntụkwasị obi na nchebe.
Ka teknụzụ na-etolite, ụkpụrụ eriri USB n'ọdịnihu ga-elekwasị anya n'ihe omume enyi na enyi, mmụba ọkụ na-eguzogide, yana sistemụ nlekota smart maka nkwalite nchekwa.
Na Top Cable anyị na-etolite ma na-arụpụta eriri ihe karịrị afọ 16. Anyị nwere oke ike, njikwa, ihe eji eme ihe, eriri voltaji dị ala na nke ọkara. Ha niile dị na ụdị ngwa agha na nke a na-ejighị n'aka, yana kwa dịka ọrụ ọkụ si dị: ọkụ na ọkụ na-egbochi ọkụ, na ọkụ na-eguzogide.
Maka ozi ndị ọzọ gbasara eriri USB anyị, kpọtụrụ anyị taa
Oge nzipu: Eprel-02-2025